My Passion, My Business - 1336 Words

MY PASSION What is really my passion? Is it desserts? I have been asking myself to that question lately. For me, dessert is my most preferred. But the only thing that I like best right now is a pastry shop. I want to own a confectionary shop because ever since when I was a child I’ve always wanted to eat sweets and candies that’s why I decided to own a business related to it after I graduate into college, believing that it will really come to pass. When I was in the elementary, I have never liked anything that is inline about business. It was not my style at all. Though we already had a business before that my father built but it never lasted because he was working at the San Miguel Cor., that’s why he decided to sell it to one of my†¦show more content†¦I consider MONT BLANC as a unique pastry shop and there are things you are going to enjoy while you’re in it. This business has many characteristic you can find. It brings comfort to the customer s and to the employees because of the ambiance and of the food served. Many will find it as a home away from home. It also brings satisfaction to the taste buds of the clients. The location of this business is beside the beach so that the clients will experience to see the beautiful scenery beside the sea. It is a vintage style and a two storey building. The lower part of the building is where you can find all the products you want to buy and the upper part of the building is very open so that the clients will feel refreshed by the air of the beach. The costumer’s can choose where they wanted to sit comfortably. Now for the products, we sell sweets and pastry like: Gelato, pies, cakes, cookies and etc. the prices would not be too expensive, it is very economical and very safe to the environment. It will only cost for 50 pesos above and lower than 150 pesos, except for the coated chocolates that only cost for 10 pesos per gram. It will be more relaxing because of the surroundi ngs and I want it to be known by the community or society. I will advertise it to the television, radio or even go beyond borders like advertising it to the World Wide Web or online. Customers will be attracted. I also offer delivery services,Show MoreRelated My Passion for Business Essay687 Words   |  3 Pagessince I can remember I have been finding ways to be independent; my own women, or in this case, â€Å"little lady.† I would always try to do things my own way. There is a huge list of examples that I could give, but I have decided to discuss what I believe to be the one that would bring out a bit of awe and an understanding of what type of person I have been since a child. When I was younger, around the age of four, I would gather all of my toys that I possibly could. After a great amount accumulated, IRead MoreAn Response Paper : My Passion, Skills, And Money1044 Words   |  5 Pagespaper #1 Passion, skills, and money, what all do these things have in common? Well Even Brande made a wonderful correlation between these three words. He explained to us how a job could be more than a way to receive income, but it would be something you look forward to everyday, something that comes naturally to you because it fits you. He also said you could make money at the same time and I think that was a real selling point for most people. However, how is one supposed to turn passions and skillsRead MoreWhat Makes A Vocation? Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesWhile sitting down to write this assignment, I really wasn’t sure where to start. I don’t find myself to be someone who has had an â€Å"aha† moment, nor have I had any big life events that have really shown me what my vocation should be. To describe my vocation, first, I should define what vocation is to me. I don’t believe that vocation is something that you just find when you are young and know what you want to do forever. Vocation to me is an ongoing process that is a moving target throughout lifeRead MoreThe Process And The Plan957 Words   |  4 Pagesdon’t want us to waste time and get lost on the direction we want to go. Luckily, I always decide the path I will go when I go to college because I don’t want to have anything new make me nervous at the first time. I planed out my schedule and my career. I wrote down all of my classes I need and those classes I will attend in each quarter. With me, the plan is really effect to myself because I don’t want to miss out anything or worry about it. That’s why I always put myself in a good schedule that worksRead MoreWhat I Admire My Favorite Culture Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesPassion to me is something that you enjoy doing every day and never grow tired of it. For me, I have two major passions; learning about different countries cultures, and being environmentally friendly. I am extremely passionate about learning about different countries cultures. I consider it to be truly fascinating how many different ways of life exist. My appetite for different cultures came to be when I was in 6th grade. I went to an Egyptian museum and fell in love with hieroglyphics and admiredRead MoreThe Passion Curse by Yara Hejazi Essay557 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The Passion Curse† Yara Hejazi I am cursed. Passion rules my behavior. It causes my adrenaline rush. It is also what cause my stress and misery. Without passion I am not alive. It is what drives me, motivates me, and keeps my enthusiasm levels high. I can only find happiness when my brain is working on new ideas -- from creating a series of community cook books to support house-wives with limited income, to selling bikinis in Saudi Arabia -- that can positively affect the world aroundRead MoreWhat Makes Me Stand Out?1566 Words   |  7 Pagesthought. Commitment, Passion and Innovation are those which have kept me on the drive. I, Atisha Mootha, have always deemed that the most powerful weapon on earth is Passion. Passion creates a power that is inexhaustible, intense and treasured. Be it the latest developments in Technology or the innovations in field of Architecture, I have had an enduring passion. To me, to have a purpose in life, one must have a passion and be willing to innovate. I truly portray this bel ief in my approach to any workRead MoreEssay on The Greatest Leaders of the Past, Present, and Future540 Words   |  3 Pagesfirst into my head when I think about great leaders. All of these men women were magnificent leaders and continue to make impressions on the world today. There have been billions of leaders to walk this very earth but there are some questions to ask. How many of these leaders were/are great leaders? What makes a great leader? Who is the greatest leader of all? When I was asked to think of the most inspirational leader that I look up to, none of these popped into my head but Kent McKown, my father,Read MorePush Approach References A Top Down Leadership1607 Words   |  7 Pagesdoes not necessarily correspond with their passion. However, they have risen to a leadership position by identifying ways to be passionate about work. This often takes the form of embracing change in an organization, becoming adaptable and flexible to overcome challenges while being agile in solving problems. As they do so, organizations come to respect their abilities, praise their accomplishments and drive their careers. This ultimately creates passion for leaders as they come to understand thatRead MorePersonal Statement On Finding Passion1334 Words   |  6 PagesI personally have struggled with finding passion in my career. My undergraduate degree is in business with an emphasis in accounting, which I chose mainly due to the vast array and availability of jobs. Furthermore, I have passed the Uniform Certified Public Accounting exam, which has contributed to the stereotype that I enjoy the accounting profession. Nonetheless, the accounting career field is not where my passion resides, but I have found that I have a knack for performing the job responsibilities

A Review of Research Paper for College

A Review of Research Paper for College You must work very difficult to fit the demands of college and professors. At times, it's the entire department. According to statistics, it is but one reason why most college professors decrease the last grade. The student ought to be assisted when it comes to selecting the right college, which provides the course they're interested in studying. Research is the fundamental portion of college papers and has to be given complete attention for good outcomes. Students need help to become organized. They are required to write papers that meet instructor's requirement. They need help to reduce stress and anxiety. Regardless of what your outline for the paper might be, it is critical to find because many sources as you can! After you have diverse sources for your upcoming paper, you should be mental or written notes with references to every body paragraph or the ideas. 1 way that will help you with writing a thesis statement is to earn a n extremely short, research paper outline listing in sentence form the principal tips that you aspire to develop in order to demonstrate your thesis. Your essay topic is largely dependent on the kind and length of the paper you are supposed to write. Thus, the writing of a paper is dependent on the assigning authority's instructions together with the form of assignment that's covered within the paper. Just as you can hardly expect to write five essays in 1 day, so you maynot hope to develop more than 1 section of a lengthier paper at a moment. Wait to compose that if your paper is completed and you're able to see what you're introducing. For instance, the paper writers aren't able to compose academic papers using MLA and Chicago. The Secret to Research Paper for College Some of the greatest research paper introduction samples incorporate primary resources supporting the argument or research of the issue. Frequently the software will give a list of correct spellings to pick from. There's a quantity of powerful research paper topics for the most intriguing regions of investigation. Now there's a list of resources. Writing a complete research paper on something which you don't have any notion is simply upping your burden. The work is going to be produced depending on your requirements. Make sure that you do not hurry up in attempting to complete the outline, it may take up sometime because then an effective outlines saves lots of time during writing. Book writing initially can eat up a good deal of your time because it's necessary to think, and define a lot of areas where you're going to be working on over the class of the period. The very best thing is to compose an essay for one more training course, obviously, which is long due. The internet course may include the should attend the school from time to time. Term paper help enables students to understand that there is a good deal of work and time which goes into preparing a term paper. As term papers are written each year by several students, picking a special topic is acute. Students have to be taught how to control their time and organize their calendar to beat each deadline and prevent frustrations. They feel the same trepidation at the thought of going to college. The Death of Research Paper for College Essay writing has been a significant part the educational system. Writing a paper is a hard assignment, especially if it's the case that you do not have great writing skills. Furthermore, the writers aren't conversant with various writing styles. Writing style is just one of the most essential aspects in writing. The essay based scholarship is for the folks who don't qualify in any sort of scholarship and they need to compose the essay to be able to convince the sponsor. Students have plenty of essays and research Open your mind, and we're going to open doors! What's more, you may rest assured you will obtain a plagiarism-free essay. Writing quality essays is the principal use of our services. The Research Paper for College Trap A dependable research paper writing services provider should enable clients to acquire plagiarism free customized research papers online every one of the times. The school or the company where you'll be working for has to supply you with the guidelines about how to make an application for visa and other needs. If you by chance get services from our essay writing company, count that you'll get much better grades at any price tag. Experience no value and cozy as you supply your initial term papers from our organization.

Importance of being earnest 2 Essay Example For Students

Importance of being earnest 2 Essay A Tale of Three Classes A Marxist Criticism on The Importance of Being Earnest Excuse me Geoffrey, could you get me some more water. Im terribly thirsty, and the weather out here isnt doing any good for my complexion. declares the man as he sighs in exhaustion. Right away sir, anything else? proclaims the servant. No that will be all. says the man as he waves off the servant. So is this the scene of yesteryears society or one of todays, well in actuality it can be either. In todays world the rich still rely on butlers and maids. It seems to be a practice that will always exist in this world, but the question largely is not on their jobs, but if they are deemed of a different class, and sadly to say yes. In todays world it seems that class is still a huge part of the world order, and moreover it seems that there will always be the rich and poor, the owner and the worker. This is even demonstrated by the literature of our time and that of other eras, such as the play The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde. In this play Wilde displays the class structure with a different and interesting twist. He makes a reflection on the society with his own sense of humor, but however it still leaves a very good opportunity to make a Marxist critique about the way the class structure influences the play. He leaves room for these critiques when he writes about the servants, the nobles, and the middle class. His view on society and class is very evident on the way the servants are portrayed. ‘I dont know that I am much interested in your family life, Lane' ‘No sir; its not a very interesting subject. I never think of it myself.' In this passage from the play it is very clear that Wilde likes to give his characters some life, but however it seemed that he was giving the servants a bit too much, but nevertheless it does establish very well the position of those servants. In the society Wilde is presenting it seems that the place of the servant was not only for ma nual labor, but also to provide conversation, and to compliment the employers personalities. In the story the idea of class was demonstrated by the interaction between Lane and Algernon even though Lane was witty he did know his place as a servant and throughout the play the servants were an excellent reminder that class structure did exist. Wildes idea of a witty servant has even spawned off into todays society with television sitcoms such as The Fresh Prince of Bel- Air and The Nanny. In these shows the class structure is inherent, but the gap between master and servant is smaller. That is one of the things that Wilde seemed to make apparent, one can have servants, but the gap between doesnt have to be that large. There can be class structure in the world, but the need for class discrimination doesnt need to be there, and another interesting critique can be made of the nobles of that time. In the Victorian period, and todays nobles exist. These are people who are of noble birth ri ght and is only passed on from generation to generation. It is a well respected position, but the difference between the nobles of todays day and the older ones is the power that they have. In todays time the nobles have little power only respect, but in the Victorian period the power was starting to diminish but it still existed. The characters in the play who were of noble birth did indeed know how to use that power. Well when one makes a Marxist criticism it cant be solely based on the storys view of the servants, but however one needs to also look at the way the nobility are viewed. In Oscar Wildes play he seems to make almost a mockery of the nobility. When one sees the way the nobles are portrayed one will think this is a sarcasm on the nobles, but however if one examines it closer he/she may realize this is closer to the truth than previous accounts of the nobles. In the play Oscar Wilde does not hold back in fears he would offend anyone he wrote a play to entertain, but he a lso did an excellent job on reflecting how the nobles are. Firstly he displays the character of Algernon, who is, quite frankly, a languid in debt young man, but nevertheless he is still a noble. With this character Wilde shows the reader that all nobles arent perfect and can be more flawed than the average person, and portrayed was the fact that the rich and noble sometimes seem to abuse that position and end up in a deeper hole than most others. Then there is his Aunt Augusta, who is a very powerful character. Aunt Augusta in her own rights is the dominant persona in the play. She holds the cards and plays them at her own discretion. Her character reveals to the audience that in nobility there isnt just the man who controls things, but in many cases it is the female. She takes over the role of leader and makes for an interesting view on the female aspect of nobility, but however there is another aspect to female nobility, and that is inherent in Gwendolyn. She possesses all the at tributes of, plain and simply, a snob. She has the beauty, the upbringing and the turned up nose of a noble. She symbolizes a part of nobility that most people will not talk about, but however Wilde does talk and better yet he reveals all of the little quirks of the noble class. In Gwendolyn is the part of the class where, nobility has turned from respect and prestige and into vanity. She has abused the prestige she has and turned into a vain quest to be looked upon and desired. It seems that the Victorian class had little class in the nobles, but however there is one last class to look at. In the Victorian era a new class was being born that integrated the two distinct upper class and lower class, that class was the Bourgeoisie, or the middle class. Wilde put this new class into his play with grand success. They were a class of business men and investors, and from that spurned the character Jack. Jack was the character who not only symbolized the middle class, but he also carried t he turmoil of, What class do I belong to? He was from a lower class community, but had worked his way up to infringing on noble status. He wanted to marry a noble but at the same time he wanted to keep his roots, this is excellent symbolism for actual class struggle, and when one views this from a Marxist viewpoint, then this is a grand criticism to be made, because throughout the whole play Jack ponders this question, and its symbolism is too great to be missed. The entire play is a reflection upon class struggle. However his struggle was not as difficult as he had assumed because in the end he discovers, he is of noble birth, s thus leaving him with an easier decision, and moreover this is another support for the nobility taking the easy way out, and not striving to accomplish theyre goals with arduous work. All in all the classes presented in this book lent itself to a Marxist criticism. In the play The Importance of Being Earnest were many facets that could have been criticized by numerous viewpoints, but however the most thorough would be that of the Marxist view because it allows the reader to take a step back and see the play for all it is, and it is true that the plays main plot line is that of s relationship between a man and woman, but however the underlying real issue is that of their class and society. The play makes a great example for a Marxist criticism on the effect of classes on literature. Wildes own wit and intellect make for an excellent view of the classes of the previous era. It is a work that will be a not only viewed as a comedic triumph, but also as a social one as well. .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .postImageUrl , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:hover , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:visited , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:active { border:0!important; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:active , .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u67aa3ab77cb92799f6badbe2a5a81f6d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hate Crimes Essay

The Conflict Between the Individual and Society Essay Example For Students

The Conflict Between the Individual and Society Essay The conflict between society and the individual is a theme portrayed throughout Twains Huckleberry Finn. Huck was not raised in accord with the accepted ways of civilization. Huck faces many aspects of society, which makes him choose his own individuality over civilization. He practically raises himself, relying on instinct to guide him through life. As portrayed several times in the novel, Huck chooses to follow his innate sense of right, yet he does not realize that his own instincts are more moral than those of society. From the very beginning of Hucks story, Huck without a doubt states that he did not want to conform to society; The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me I got into my old rags and my sugar hogshead again, and was free and satisfied(Twain, 2). Miss Watson lives with Huck and she is always picking at him, trying to make him become conventional. According to the essay, The Struggle to Find Oneself Huck has become so used to being free that he sees the Widow Douglas protection solely in terms of confinement. She doesnt let Huck smoke when he wants and she is always nagging. Miss Watson would say, Dont put your feet up there, Huckleberry; and Dont scrunch up like that, Huckleberry set up straight; and pretty soon she would say, Dont gap and stretch like that, Huckleberry why dont you try to behave?(Twain, 3). We get the feeling that Huck is an individual, a person who is independent and has the willingness to live a life free of complications. Accordi ng to Ryan Schremmers essay Examination of Freedom as an Overall Theme in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn the theme of freedom is shown in Huckleberry Finn, which parallels to his distancing from society:One of the most prominent and important themes of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is freedom. Freedom not only from Hucks internal paradoxical struggle in defining right and wrong, but also freedom from Hucks personal relationships with the Widow Douglas and his father, as well as freedom from the societal institutions of government, religion, and prejudices. We will write a custom essay on The Conflict Between the Individual and Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Pap returns for Huck, and the matter of custody is brought before the court, the reader is forced to see the corruption of society. The judge rules that Huck belongs to Pap, and forces him to obey an evil and abusive man. One who drinks abundantly and beats his son. In this case Pap symbolizes the viciousness and cruelty of civilization. Later, when Huck makes it look as though he has been killed, we see how society is more concerned over finding Hucks dead body than rescuing his live one from Pap. This is a society that is more anxious about finding a dead body than it is in the safety of people. This situation prepares us for Hucks need to escape from society. In Schremmers essay we see how Huck struggles for freedom from two families. He tries to stay away from getting sivilized from Widow Douglass and tries to escape his fathers brutality. Later on in Chapter VI Pap kidnaps Huck and puts him in a cabin in the woods. We see how Huck prefers the freedom of the wilderness to the limitations and restrictions of society. It was pretty good times up in the woods there, take it all around (Twain 32). But when Huck feels Paps presence, is when we see how his feelings about being free in the wilderness change. The theme becomes even more evident once Huck and Jim set out, down the Mississippi in chapter VIII. Huck enjoys his adventures on the raft, Nothing could be better(115), Huck thought. But only a few pages later the raft and Jim provide the same comforts. Nothing had ever sounded so good to him as Jims voice, and Huck felt mighty free and easy and comfortable on the raft(128). He prefers the freedom of the wilderness to the restrictions of society. Also, Hucks acceptance of Jim is a total defiance of society. Huck realizes that society would call me a low down ablitionist and despise me for keeping mum,(Twain 62) but he decides not to conform to society. Ironically, Huck believes he is committing a sin by going against society and protecting Jim. He does not realize that his own instincts are more morally correct than those of society. According to the Hartford Courant we understand Hucks feelings about accepting Jim and going against the norm:Most amusing is the struggle Huck has wi th his conscience in regard to slavery. His conscience tells him, the way it has been instructed, that to help the runaway, nigger Jim to escapeto aid in stealing the property of Miss Watson, who has never injured him, is an enormous offense that will no doubt carry him to the bad place; but his affection for Jim finally induces him to violate his conscience and risk eternal punishment in helping Jim to escape. .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .postImageUrl , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:visited , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:active { border:0!important; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:active , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: †A Few Good Men† Movie Sample EssayIn chapter sixteen, we see the most inhumane action of society. Huck meets some men looking for runaway slaves, and he fabricates a story about his father on the raft with smallpox. The men fear catching this disease and instead of rescuing him, they give him money and advise him not to let it be known of his fathers sickness when seeking help. These men are not hesitant to hunt slaves, yet they refuse to help a sick man. Hucks acceptance of his love for Jim is shown in chapter thirty-one. Huck writes a letter to Miss Watson to return Jim, yet he ends up ripping the letter and wishes to free Jim. All right, then, Ill go to hell- and he tore it up. Here, we see that Huck concludes that he is evil, and that society has been right all along. Huck doesnt realize that his goodness comes from within. He doesnt become aware that those inner qualities are not paralleled to external behavior. If Huck was to catch on that he would be eager to change how society functions instead of running away from it. Huck acts as a much nobler person when he is not confined by the hypocrisies of civilization. Throughout the story we see how he distance himself from society and creates his own world in which he follows his own feelings of whats moral and honorable. From the beginning of the story we see his instinct come into play and how it affects his decisions throughout the story. He almost always goes his own way, makes up his own mind, and lives by his own standards.

5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers

5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers 5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers 5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers By Mark Nichol The combination of numbers, spelled out or in numerical form, and hyphens is a volatile mixture that often confuses writers. Here are five sentences in which hyphens are erroneously inserted into constructions that do not require them, with explanations and corrections. 1. â€Å"Four-percent of adults may have ADHD.† There’s no reason to combine four and percent. The writer might have incorrectly extrapolated from the use of fractions in the same type of construction (â€Å"One-third of respondents agree with the statement†), but the sentence should read, â€Å"Four percent of adults may have ADHD.† 2. â€Å"Astronomers say an object five-times bigger than Jupiter is the first planet outside our solar system to be imaged.† The reference to the exoplanet’s magnitude of size in comparison to Jupiter requires no linking hyphen. The misunderstanding perhaps arises from the fact that â€Å"five times† modifies bigger, but bigger is an adjective, not a noun, and words combining to modify adjectives are not hyphenated. The correct form is â€Å"Astronomers say an object five times bigger than Jupiter is the first planet outside our solar system to be imaged.† 3. â€Å"This monk began his vow not to speak with a 2-1/2 year walk up the coast.† Writers often erroneously insert a hyphen between a whole number and a fraction in a mixed fraction. It’s not necessary, but it is required between the mixed fraction and the noun that follows when they combine to modify another noun, as in this example: â€Å"This monk began his vow not to speak by taking a 2 1/2-year walk up the coast.† (2 1/2 is considered a single element, so omit the intervening hyphen.) Note, too, the slight revision to eliminate the suggestion that the monk conversed with a 2 1/2-year walk up the coast. 4. â€Å"The electrified border, 10-feet-high, is to be completed across the border with India.† If this sentence used the phrase â€Å"10 feet high† as a modifier preceding â€Å"electrified fence† (â€Å"a 10-foot-high electrified fence†), the hyphens linking the elements as a unified description would be valid. But in a simple reference to physical dimensions, no hyphens are necessary: â€Å"The electrified fence, 10 feet high, is to be completed across the border with India.† 5. â€Å"You must have a keen sense of how to capture the attention of the 18-34 year-old news junkie.† This sentence tries to observe the basic rule about connecting the numbers in a range (preferably with an en dash rather than a hyphen) but errs in its failure to recognize the special case of suspensive hyphenation that overrules that usage. The sentence refers to a demographic cohort consisting of 18-year-old news junkies and 34-year-old news junkies and all news junkies in between. When using a range involving a number compound, elide most of the first element, retaining only the number (spelled out or in numeral form) and a hyphen, followed by a letter space: â€Å"You must have a keen sense of how to capture the attention of the 18- to 34-year-old news junkie.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†Capitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and Movements20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings

The Many Uses of Carbon Fiber

The Many Uses of Carbon Fiber In fiber reinforced composites, fiberglass is the workhorse of the industry. It is used in many applications and is very  competitive  with traditional materials such as wood, metal, and concrete. ​Fiberglass products are strong, lightweight, non-conductive, and the raw material costs of fiberglass are very low. In applications where there is a premium for increased strength, lower weight, or for cosmetics, then other more expensive reinforcing fibers are used in the FRP composite. Aramid fiber, such as DuPonts Kevlar, is used in an application that requires the high tensile strength which aramid provides. An example of this is body and vehicle armor, where layers of aramid reinforced composite can stop high powered rifle rounds, due in part to the high tensile strength of the fibers. Carbon fibers are used where low weight, high stiffness, high conductivity, or where the look of the carbon fiber weave desired. Carbon Fiber In Aerospace Aerospace and space were some of the first industries to adopt carbon fiber. The high modulus of carbon fiber makes it  suitable  structurally to replace alloys such as aluminum and titanium. The weight savings carbon fiber provides is the primary reason carbon fiber has been adopted by the aerospace industry. Every pound of weight savings can make a serious difference in fuel consumption, which is why Boeings new 787 Dreamliner has been the best-selling  passenger  plane in history. The majority of this planes structure is carbon fiber reinforced composites. Sporting Goods Recreational sports is another market segment which is more than willing to pay more for higher performance. Tennis rackets, golf clubs, softball bats, hockey sticks, and archery arrows and bows are all products commonly manufactured with carbon fiber reinforced composites. Lighter weight equipment without compromising strength is a distinct advantage in sports. For example, with a lighter weight tennis racket, one can get much faster racket speed, and ultimately, hit the ball harder and faster. Athletes continue to push for an advantage in equipment. This is why serious  bicyclists ride all carbon fiber bikes and use bicycle shoes that use carbon fiber. Wind Turbine Blades Although the majority of wind turbine blades uses fiberglass, on large blades (often over 150 ft in length) include a spare, which is a stiffening rib that runs the length of the blade. These components are often 100% carbon, and as thick as a few inches at the root of the blade. Carbon fiber is used to provide the  necessary  stiffness, without adding a tremendous amount of weight. This is important because the lighter a wind turbine blade is, the more efficient it is at creating  electricity. Automotive Mass-produced automobiles are not yet adopting carbon fiber; this is because of the increased raw material cost and  necessary  changes in tooling, still, outweighs the benefits. However, Formula 1, NASCAR, and high-end cars are using carbon fiber. In many cases, it is not because of the benefits of properties or weight, but because of the look. There are many aftermarket automotive parts being made out of carbon fiber, and instead of being painted, they are clear-coated. The distinct carbon fiber weave has become a symbol of hi-tech and hi-performance. In fact, it is common to see an aftermarket automotive component that is a single layer of carbon fiber but has multiple layers of fiberglass below to lower costs. This would be an example where the look of the carbon fiber is actually the deciding factor. Although these are some of the common uses of carbon fiber, many new applications are seen almost daily. The growth of carbon fiber is fast, and in just 5 years, this list will be much longer.

IF CURRENCY HEDGING IS SO BENEFICIAL, DO COMPANIES USE ALL HEDGING Essay

IF CURRENCY HEDGING IS SO BENEFICIAL, DO COMPANIES USE ALL HEDGING TECHNIQUES AVAILABLE - Essay Example cts of risks and portent losses in foreign exchange transactions, why has the ambit and scope of hedging not also been extended to other forms of speculative business, or even if it has, why is this that it has met only with a limited degree of success and accomplishment? The hedging strategy enables the investors/company to gain a clear understanding about the happening of the various events that may lead to loss of money for the investors. Foreign currency markets are considered to be very deep, relatively inexpensive and highly liquid where the fund managers are trying to manage their currency options in the foreign investment market. Currency hedging is the most frequently used approach used to manage the degree of risk that is involved in the foreign investment strategies. Research Hypothesis : Why degree of success of currency hedging cannot be derived from other types of non-currency losses or risks, given that in both cases, there is a great deal of monetary value involved in both speculative and currency transactions. That being said, it is necessary to first find out what are the relative advantages of using currency hedging during foreign exchange transactions. Currency hedging can be defined as â€Å"a particular  hedging  strategy  used to reduce  risks  in the foreign exchange market.†Ã‚   We shall consider for a brief moment that there is an importing company in Australia for wheat products, and similarly, there are exporters in London who are shipping the products to Australia. The Australian importing company is worried that if the value of GBP comes down, they would have to pay more for the purchase during future settlement. The current exchange rate is  £1 = AUS $ 1.7796. (Market rates, 2009). If the value of the GBP falls below 1.7796, he would have to pay more AUS $, and then incur losses. The currency exchange fluctuations may be minimal in the event of small transactions, but in the event the import business is for a few billion dollars,

Global Theological Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Global Theological Analysis - Essay Example It has its origin in the eastern Mediterranean and rapidly grew in quantity and influence for several decades. By the fourth century, it had developed into a prominent religion within the Roman Empire. During the early part of the twenty-first century, statistics show that Christianity has between 1.5 billion and 2.1 billion followers. About one-third of the world's population is represented by Christianity and therefore is considered as the world's largest religion. Many countries around the world have made Christianity as their state religion. Among the adherents of Christianity, Christian theology has become an aspect of Christian doctrine where many have varied views and methodologies. This research report deals with global Christian theology from an evangelical perspective and looks into the nature and scope of theology. Furthermore, it identifies the factors that impact theological discourse. Dr. Alvah Hovey, the great Baptist theologian defined Christian theology as the "science of the Christian religion, or the science which ascertains, justifies, and systematizes all attainable truth concerning God and His relation, through Jesus Christ, to the universe and especially to mankind." (Hovey, pp. 14-16) "It is the science of God and divine things, based upon the revelation made to mankind in Jesus Christ and variously systematized within the Christian church" (Pope, p. 14) is the definition given by William Burton Pope. The Nature of Christian Theology Christian theology is also known as Dogmatics which is a branch of theological science that has its objectives of presenting in a systematic way the teachings of the Christian faith. The term theology comes from the two Greek words theos and logos. It indicated a discussion about God. Aristotle applied the term theology to his highest or first philosophy. The Greeks apply this term to their poets and their teachers which they honor. The term theology, therefore, maybe applied to an investigation which is systematic or scientific, of true or supposed sacred persons, things, or relations. If the subject matter pertains to that which is considered sacred then the term theology is used. Qualifying terms such as Christian or ethnic are used to make the term theology specific and definite. The Scope of Theology In order to understand a wide range of examination or research, the study of Christian theology must be stretched and put in an orderly and organized manner according to the main beliefs or philosophies regarded as foremost in the history of the Christian thought. Subjects which must be given consideration are as follows: God being the foundation, the theme, and the conclusion of all theology; Religion as the the agent which provides consciousness in man without which man cannot receive spiritual revelations; Revelation as a resource of facts wherein systematic theology is built upon; The relation of these facts to Jesus Christ , who is the Eternal Word and The Personal Word; The organization and development of theology in the church as the manifestation of the Christian life under the power of the Holy Spirit; and lastly, The relation of Christian theology to contemporary thought. A Brief History of Christian Theology Early Christian Theology Proofs of some of the earliest forms of reflection of the Christ

Losing Common Sense in a Sea of Technology Essay Example for Free

Losing Common Sense in a Sea of Technology Essay Technology has made miracles take place. Technology is an asset to our society. Things we could not do with our anatomical brains we can conjure up with a machine. With the answers to simple questions at fingertips with the availability of the internet, simple thought processes replaced with instant gratification. Critical thinking is almost extinct due to rapid response internet websites and databases. In today’s society, we depend on computers and technology to dictate schedules, lead meetings, and manage social lives. Therefore, ruing personal bonds, destroying critical and creative thinking, and losing common sense. The introduction of technology and computers on society has been beneficial in many areas, science having the biggest impact. For example, new radar technology will allow forecasters to see extreme weather, as will potential improvements to satellite technology, as well as computer models that run on powerful super computers. With these radars improved, more lives saved. â€Å"This will allow us to get to cover faster and be better prepared† (Lubchenco, Hayes 68). Another example of how technology has been beneficial to our society is in the medical field. Today many surgeries perform with the help of robots. Robotically assisted cardiac surgery presents less invasive than conventional surgery, with shortened hospital stays and faster return to daily activities (Krueger, Jones, Howell, etal. ) The largest benefit of technology is the easy and fast access that has come from the Internet. Almost any subject matter, research papers, and technical documents are available to anyone. Communication has also become much simpler using the Internet. Computers and the internet has become a staple in the American home. Not only are Americans conforming to an E-society, the rest of the world is too. This intention of this paper is not to discourage technology. Technology has done the unimaginable in societies here and abroad, perhaps technology has done too much. As we advance in the small gadgets and upgrade our systems to use the latest software, it is safe to say, we have become â€Å"addicted†. Because of this â€Å"addiction† or dependency on technology and computers, more and more people are flooding to their P. D. A’s or to their laptops to do simple everyday tasks; we should know how to do already. Anything from grocery shopping, booking a plane flight, depositing a paycheck, can be done over the internet from a personal computer, cell phone, or I Pad. Life as we know it is becoming a virtual reality within itself. We focus our addenda’s and our itineraries based around technology. Despite the positive impact technology has made on education, there are certainly areas that it poorly used. â€Å"The uncontrolled use of technology without examining its long-term benefits and potential problems is not something that should be allowed to happen in education. (Hodorowicz) For example, more and more often universities are moving toward â€Å"distant learning†, or online classes. â€Å"Nothing can replace the interactions between students and teachers. Once the process of learning from a fellow person has been automated to something mechanical many things will be lost† (Hodorowicz). Furthermore, automated grading loses the ability to see just where a student went wrong, or what the student was trying to achieve in an answer. Online courses remove the ability to deal with truly great teachers in a personal way, and it removes the ability to interact with other students. Automated education also hinders getting help when needed. It has been noted that with the use of computers and technology â€Å"education will no longer be an unpredictable and exciting adventure in human enlightenment, but an exercise in conformity and an apprenticeship to whatever gadgetry is useful in a technical world† (Schwarz). Technology has also been useful inside the home. yet, has been a key factor in the decline of stable, social relationships. Researchers are debating whether the Internet is improving or harming participation in community life and social relationships. This research examined the social and psychological impact of the Internet on 169 people in 73 households during their first 1 to 2 years on-line. We used longitudinal data to examine the effects of the Internet on social involvement and psychological well-being. In this sample, the Internet was used extensively for communication. Nonetheless, greater use of the Internet was associated with declines in participants communication with family members in the household, declines in the size of their social circle, and increases in their depression and loneliness (Kraut, Patterson,Keisler,etal. . Virtual communities are becoming an ever-growing normality. With the social networks like Facebook and twitter comes the anonymous predators. † The Internet is populated by people with false identities, people with inaccurate information, people who express themselves quickly and with little reflection or sense of accountability† (Schwarz). New frauds and ill opportunities to drain ba nk accounts emerge daily; just an example of how we are coming adapt to the cyber world with our eyes wide open. We are losing what it means to be human and the morals that were once instilled. As stated earlier in this paper, this is not a paper of whether technology in our world today is right or wrong. This is a paper proving how our ethical values and use of common knowledge are becoming extinct because we allow computers to think for us. We are losing creativity to think â€Å"outside the box† with our learning becoming more of a mathematical equation than an experience. Relying too much on technology is what will lead to the extinction of man, maybe not of a species, but of an individual, rather than random avitar. Works Cited Schwarz, Gretchen.

A Comparison of Romantic Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream, The Tempest

Romantic Love in A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Tempest, and Twelfth Night In all of Shakespeare's plays, there is a definitive style present, a style he perfected. From his very first play (The Comedy of Errors) to his very last (The Tempest), he uses unique symbolism and descriptive poetry to express and explain the actions and events he writes about. Twelfth Night, The Tempest and A Midsummer Night's Dream are all tragicomedies that epitomise the best use of the themes and ideology that Shakespeare puts forth. Naturally, one of the most reoccurring themes in Shakespeare is romantic love. It is perhaps not a coincidence that he put so much emphasis on this elusive and enigmatic emotion. In the Elizabethan age when he was writing, the arts were being explored more fervently, and thus raw human emotions began to surface in the mainstream culture. In Twelfth Night, love is a confusing and fickle thing, as demonstrated in the relationships between Duke Orsino and Olivia; Olivia and Viola/Curio; Malvolio and Olivia (she certainly has an effect on men doesn't she?); Duke Orsino and Viola/Curio. However, the characters seem to have a love-hate relationship with Cupid. Within the first line of the play, it is glorified: "If music be the food of love, play on..." (Duke Orsino, I:I). And while Olivia is annoyed with Orsino's affection, she craves Curio's. However, Shakespeare also picks on love. Not only did Malvolio's confusion about his and Olivia's relationship prove to add to the comedy, but it rather showed how one can play with love, and use it for another's harm. Apart from this example, love is depicted as a light and lovely emotion. In A Midsummer Night's Dream, love is used to cause misch... ...ok. London: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1992. 222-43. David, R. W., ed. Shakespeare: Love's Labour's Lost. London: Methuen, 1981. Davidson, Frank. "The Tempest: An Interpretation." In The Tempest: A Casebook. Ed. D.J. Palmer. London: Macmillan & Co. Ltd., 1968. 225. Hillman, Richard   The Tempest as Romance and Anti-Romance Shakespeare Quarterly. 34 (1983), 426-432. Palmer, D.J. Shakespeare's Later Comedies: An Anthology of Modern Criticism. Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1971. Potter, Lois. Twelfth Night: Text & Performance. London: Macmillan, 1985. Schanzer, Ernest.   "_A Midsummer-Night's Dream."   26-31 in Kenneth Muir, ed. Shakespeare: The Comedies: A Collection of Critical Essays.   Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1965. Shakespeare, William. The Norton Shakespeare. Edited Stephen Greenblatt et al. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.   

Customer impersonation Essay

Customer is not the entity that firm can claim to be. This is called as customer impersonation. Due to characteristic of cyberspace, impersonation can be the one risk for the e-tailer. In simple word, Customer and merchant cannot meet by face to face. Therefore, customer can use fake or others ID to purchase product. There are two reasons for fake customer to use other identity. The reasons are theft and malice. The objective behind theft is to buy the goods or service without the need of paying. Also the bill will be forwarded to whom ID is misused or abuse. In other words, the theft will use others details to purchase goods or service. The intention of malice is difference from the theft. Instead of acquiring goods of services without paying, also they have other motives such as intrinsic satisfaction to the hacker, to hurt corporation profits and customer relations of competitor or former employer.   Denial of service attacks Denial service attacks occur in a typical connection. When the user sends a message asking the server to authenticate it, the server returns the authentication approval to the user. The user acknowledges this approval, and is allowed onto the server. In a denial of service attack, the user sends several authentication requests to the server. All requests have false return addresses, so the server cannot find the user when it tries to send the authentication approval. The server waits, sometimes more than a minute, before closing the connection. When it does close the connection, the attacker sends a new batch of forged requests, and the process begins again–tying up the service indefinitely. Furthermore Denial-of-service attacks can essentially disable your computer or your network. Depending on the nature of your enterprise, this can effectively disable your organisation. Also some denial of service attacks can be executed with limited resources against a large, sophisticated site. This type of attack is sometimes called an â€Å"asymmetric attack. † For example, an attacker with an old PC and a slow modem may be able to disable much faster and more sophisticated machines or networks. Risk Associated with Business Transaction   Data interception Data interception is the serious risk related to e-business entity. Data can be intercepted during transmission from one point to another point. The following three risk has arisen in relation with data interception.   Massage Origin authentication This authentication is to make sure that the massage received is really from the party claimed to be the sender. This is important to prevent any customer impersonation take place. In this case this, travel. com. au has to make sure the massage sender is the legitimate user. This important in order to protect consumer from theft, also protect travel. com. au itself from any harmful activity caused by hacker. For example if in the case the goods or services has been purchased by the theft, then one possibility is that merchants need to written off that certain products. In order to support this, non-repudiation is use in electronic commerce as provision of â€Å"proof of origin†. Authentication techniques such as digital signatures, and other tools are available to prevent any impersonation.   Proof of delivery Proof of delivery is to make sure whether the intended massage has been received by recipient form the sender. If the massage were not received, the communication would be useless. For example if purchase request or product information request are intercepted, a company’s customer relations and profitability can be damaged. Moreover misunderstanding between travel. com. au and customer would occur, because customer might think their massage or order is not responded. In fact the massage or order never reach travel. com. au, because the massage or order is intercepted.   Massage Integrity & Unauthorised viewing of massage. It is important to be able to know if the massage sent is exactly same as the massage received. For example, for example if an order was tampered with, incorrect orders could be placed on the message sent to travel. com’s site, the incorrect goods may then be processed to be delivered to the intended recipient. 6. 0 Security System and Mechanism of Travel. com. au The risks, which are discussed in section 5. 0, are the main cause that makes customer to hesitate to shop over Online. To reduce risk level, travel. com. au employ latest security system in order to protect customer data and its business. The system includes:   Business Policy As stated on Travel. com.au site, it has tried its best to protect customer’s sensitive information. Moreover, travel. com. au also guarantee that they would not share the sensitive information with others. Although, from time to time, travel. com. au may provide statistical information about sales, trading patterns and information on navigation techniques to reputable third parties, this will not include any direct personal information, identifying you as our customer. This privacy policy is clearly stated on the its Web site. Its security policy, such as encryption technique it has adopted, is listed as well. As it is mentioned earlier, the operator has to follow the policy as stated. Travel. com. au has followed its policy and it is the one key influence to motivate the customer move into its Web site. See appendix for its entire business policy stated on Website.   SSL (security socket layer) This is the one that can secure data transmission. Information entered into SSL secured forms is encrypted by the customer’s browser. Then sent direct to secure server via SSL. Travel. com. au’s secure server then forwards the encrypted details to a private folder and/or via e-mail. Moreover, all information sent via secured forms is safer from eavesdropping, tampering or message forgery. When customer connect to a travel. com’s secure web server, customer ask that server to authenticate it. This authentication is quite a complex process involving public keys, private keys and a digital certificate. (http://www3. travel. com. au/everest/index. cgi)   Westpac secure payments This additional features is used to assured customer that travel. com. au is processing customer’s credit card details securely over the Internet using Westpac-accredited Internet payment security system. Using this kind of system show us that it considers the security of customer credit card details to be of prime importance. In addition, customer does not use Westpac credit card in order to utilise this secure service. Westpac secure payment provides the secure link between the online store and the bank. When customer enter credit card details online, the information is scrambled (or encrypted) and passed directly to Westpac, so that only the bank can read information. Even the trevel. com. au does not actually see customer credit card details. Customer Login Account These features only can be utilised by the member of travel.om. au. Customer must firstly register and activate a personal account to become a member. However, non-member can conduct any purchases as well. The registration process will provide the customer with an username for login purposes and a password for the account. Moreover, Information you provide is stored on its secure servers and is protected by its security mechanism.   Safe Trade SafeTrade is one of Australian largest Insurance Company. It will protect customer from fraudulent as a result of credit card purchasing on the Internet and also will guarantee the delivery of product. These tools can assure customer that if anything goes wrong, Safe Trade will cover the loss up to AUD $2,000. Although it had employed latest technology, the risk is still existing. As it is mentioned before, there is no e-business entity that is 100% secured. Therefore, constant security management is needed. The security management and some other methods, which it can utilise to enhance security level, will be discussed next section. 7. 0 Recommendation & Conclusion To increase security level of travel. com. au, there are few ways. That includes   Build up risk management system. Utilise latest security mechanism   Use third-party assurance services (Web Site Seal Option) The Risk Management Paradigm The paradigm is a continuous process that recognises that risk management is an ongoing annual or biannual event. Each risk nominally goes through these functions sequentially, but the activity occurs continuously, concurrently and iteratively throughout the project life cycle. (Greenstein, et. al, 2000) Figure 1, Risk Management Paradigm (Source: http://www. sei. cmu. edu) There are six functions related to risk management paradigm. Those are:Identify – search for and locate risks before they become problems.   Analyse – Transform risk data into decision-making information. Evaluate impact, probability, and timeframe, classify risks, and priorities risks Plans – Translate risk information into decisions and mitigating actions (both present and future) and implement those actions.   Monitor – Monitor risk indicators and mitigation actions   Control – Correct for deviations from the risk mitigation plans.   Communicate – Provide information and feedback internal and external to the project on the risk activities, current risks, and emerging risks

Four Functions of Management Essay

1.How does the planning function of management contribute to achieving organizational objectives within your chosen industry? Planning contributes to achieving organizational objectives by planning for goals provided for your industry and looking for ways to achieve those goals. Planning is beneficial for making more profits and for encouraging others to work hard. When you use the planning function it helps your industry become more organized which leads them to the next function and helps them focus on the right path to success. 2.How does the organizing function of management contribute to achieving organizational objectives within your chosen industry? Organizing contributes to achieving organizational objectives by decision making. It involves deciding who will be doing what and who will be in charge of which tasks. Being organized makes achieving those objectives so much easier rather than being unorganized and not knowing what’s going on and who is doing what. 3.How does the leading function of management contribute to achieving organizational objectives within your chosen industry? Leading contributes to achieving organizational objectives by giving associates a sense of motivation and inspiration. When associates are inspired and motivated they want to work harder which then leads to more positive outcomes in the industry. It is important to communicate when leading. 4.How does the controlling function of management contribute to achieving organizational objectives within your chosen industry? Controlling contributes to achieving organizational objectives simply by monitoring the path to achieving the goal and taking action when something doesn’t go as planned. When controlling you are basically setting the goals and making sure that these goals are achieved.

Free sample - NASA Skylab Investigation. translation missing

NASA Skylab Investigation. NASA Skylab InvestigationAbstract Since the human being reseeded in the international space station, there have been numerous researches involving microgravity of the universe. This kind of research could not be successful without the assistance of American first space station, that is, the Skylab. This paper will widely focus on the investigation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Skylab. It will attempt to focus on NASA investigation on the initial flight anomalies of the Skylab which occurred on May 14, 1973. The research will base on; how it happened, why it happened and how to reduce any form of possible failures. Additionally, the paper will uncover the individuals responsible for the fault and assess whether the situation was handled correctly or incorrectly. Introduction According to Feldman (26), Skylab was launched into the world orbit by a Saturn versus rocket on the 14th may 1973. On this day an anomaly occurred which lead to complete loss in the meteoroid shield that surrounded the orbital workshop. It is because of this anomaly that various crews visited Skylab where their come back was through an Apollo aircraft. The main objective of the Skylab was to prove that human beings could also live and survive in the outer space for long durations of time. It is evident that Skylab has continued to serve as the greatest microgravity lab, solar observatory of its time, medical lab, an earth investigation object and most essentially a home far a way from home. Since the implementation of the Skylab investigation, it is evident that there have been creations of new technologies, for instance special showers, exercising equipments, kitchen facilities and sleeping bags which were designed so as to fit in microgravity. The success geared to this experiment was based on the ability of different crews overcoming challenges during their stay in space (Shayler, 224). What is the NASA Skylab? Zimmerman (78) describes Skylab as the first United State space station and the second kind of space station to have been visited by human beings. The NASA which stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the only organization that has been involved in the launching of this space station. The one hundred ton space station existed in the world orbit from the year 1973 to 1979 and it had been visited by three different crews in these two years. NASA through Skylab has greatly focused on ensuring that it tries to understand the earth through clearly observing the systems revolving within it. Through its constant explorations on the solar system it has been able to advance on new robotics missions that have seen the growth of new horizon in the class of researches involving the earth (NASA, 2). Based on the background associated to this space station, its origin has been difficult to point out due to the fact that there have been several proposals that the NASA had floated before engaging in the launching of Skylab (NASA, 3).   There have been numerous studies carried out by the NASA organization so as to find the ultimate platform that will be effective for the Skylab. What was the possible cause and result of the flight anomaly? Investigation indicated that the possible cause of anomaly in the flight was due to the fact that the meteoroid shield broke up because the aerodynamic loads had not been accounted for in the design of the flight. The ties that normally secure the solar system within the workshop were broken down as a result of the breaking up of the meteoroid shield.   From this whole effect there was significant loss of the solar system that only took a matter of ten minutes (Wade, 425). It is very evident that lack of professionalism widely contributed to the anomalies within the flight. This is based on the fact that there was no communication among the structural design, manufacturing personnel and aerodynamics. This lack of communication greatly contributed to deficiencies in the designs of the flight meteoroid shield.   Failure of communication toward the flight project highly attributed to the absence of sound techniques over a certain period of time. Of the various stated reasons for the failures of the meteoroid, the most significant identified reason was that of interior pressurization of the flight auxiliary tunnel which caused meteoroid to shield away form the casing of the workshop.   The pressurization within the supplementary tunnel was observed due to the existence of various openings in the astern part of the tunnel (Skylab space station, 210). What are the possible applicable corrective actions towards this flight anomaly? It is important that if back up OWS or analogous spacecraft is to be flown in the near future corrective action should be undertaken. For instance, it could be helpful if the meteoroid was done away with and significantly replaced through the coating of the OWS (orbital workshop) to ensure that there is effective thermal control. Additionally, it is important that protection remain a fundamental factor which will ensure that the board remains attracted to the concept of fixing a non deployable shield (Zimmerman, 80). Hoffman (215) observes that in order to ensure that there is reduction of separation failures such as those of second separation stage, it is important that there are shaped linearly. It is with accordance that structural systems are associated to other mechanisms, components or equipments so as to ensure that a piece of structure does not solely depend on the structure organization. Complex and multi –disciplinary systems should have a designate project engineer whose mandate   will be to ensure that all aspects involving analysis, fabrication, assembly, design and test of the flight are properly observed and undertaken. Corrective measures so as to avoid future predicaments as the ones in flight anomaly are first to ensure that there should be effective management systems to be used within the Skylab workshop.   These overall management systems should be fully operational within the workshop so as to avoid conflicts or inconsistencies as observed in the flight anomaly (Kraft, 127). It is very important that there is significant cross fertilizations between broadened experienced engineers so as to assist in the analysis on the initial flight anomalies. How can we reduce or do away with possibility of failure? As stated in the program objectives that is; to conduct effective research on certain earth resources. It is very evident that effective research is carried out so as to understand what can be done so as to avoid anomalies which often result due to lack of knowledge by the concerned engineers (Suszkowski, 230). It is essential that one effectively studies the effects which are normally associated to weightlessness on living objects such as human beings. It is very evident that Skylab tries to utilize man as an engineer and as individual who is concerned in the research. By so doing it ensures that it provides an equal opportunity or chance in the assessment of one potential capability for prospect space missions (Thomas, 12). Cross fertilization between the different bridges of engineers is important since there is exchange of ideas which are likely to reduce possible failures. Ideas can range from those involving the design of the flight, operations within the flight and analysis that will widely study the flight (Johnson, 25). Another crucial step is that of ensuring all involved engineers are familiarized with the actual hardware especially the one that will ensure that there is productive usage of the flight data. It is good when one is able to establish a chief engineer who will be able to spend ample time in the restrained integration of all the elements described within the flight system. Summary and recommendation From the discussion above it can be strongly affirmed that the anomalies within the flight that occurred on 14th may 1973 was widely attributed by the negligence of several individuals. Before embarking on such an important mission it is very important that one assembles all the required elements that will ensure that the whole project becomes a success. Success is achieved through ensuring concerned individuals are able to accept to be accountable should there be any problem that might a raise (Lindsay, 30). As part of recommendation, it is very essential that a simple and straight forward solution toward these problems is designed so as to minimize incidences like this repeating in the near future. For instance, it is noted that meteoroid flux should be lower as compared to the ones indicated in the calculations. It is very essential that new analyses are incorporated so that maximum protection is achieved. It is good that there is an establishment of a bond between additional metal layer and the OWS wall so as to prevent handling the problem as that involving statistics. This can be achieved through ensuring that the entire covering of OWS is not covered (Kraft, 126). It is essential researchers should further their studies on the effects normally associated with weightlessness of living objects such as human beings. It is very evident that Skylab tries to utilize man as an engineer and as individual who is concerned in the research. By so doing it ensures that it provides an equal opportunity or chance in the assessment of one potential capability for prospect space missions. Feldman, Heather. Skylab: The First American Space Station. New York: PowerKids Press, 2003. Pp 24-27. Shayler, David. Skylab: America's space station. London: Springer, 2001. Pp 221-226. Zimmerman, Robert. Leaving earth: space stations, rival superpowers, and the quest for interplanetary travel. Washington, DC: Henry, 2003. Pp74-80. NASA. NASA Investigation Board Report on the Initial Flight Anomalies of Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. 18 Nov. 2010. Web. 6 Aug. 2003   Thomas, Frieling. "Skylab B: Unflown Missions, Lost Opportunities". Quest, 5.4 (1996): 12. Wade, Mark. "World Manned Spacecraft Characteristics." Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, 34.1 (1981): 425. Lindsay, Hamish. Tracking Apollo to the moon.   New York: Springer, 2001.   Pp 21-43. Skylab space station. 18 Nov. 2010. Web. 2010 Suszkowski, Daniel. â€Å"Skylab Investigation.† ICES Journal of the Marine, 7. 3 (1998): 205-213. Hoffman, Rudolf. â€Å"Visual Light Flash Observations on Skylab 4†. ICES Journal of the Marine, 32. 5 (2006): 212-234. Johnson, Lyndon. Skylab EREP investigations summary (NASA SP). New York: Springer, 2001. Pp 21-33.

How to Speak Shakespearean Verse

How to Speak Shakespearean Verse We start with a practical approach to an old question: how do you speak Shakespearian verse? Bring Shakespeare to life in the classroom and drama studio with the understanding that Shakespeare wrote his plays in verse. This poetic framework not only gives characters a structured speech pattern but enhanced authority. What Is Verse? Unlike modern plays, Shakespeare and his contemporaries wrote plays in verse. This is a poetic framework that gives characters a structured speech pattern and enhances their authority. Typically, Shakespeare’s verse is written in lines of ten syllables, with an ‘unstress-stress’ pattern. The stress is naturally on the even-numbered syllables. For example, take a look at the first line of Twelfth Night: If mu- / -sic be / the food / of love, / play onba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM However, verse isn’t spoken continuously in Shakespeare’s plays. Generally, characters of higher status speak verse (whether they are magical or aristocratic), especially if they are thinking aloud or expressing their passions. So it would follow that characters of low status don’t speak in verse – they speak in prose. The easiest way to tell whether a speech is written in verse or prose is to look at how the text is presented on the page. Verse doesn’t go to the edge of the page, whereas prose does. This is because of the ten syllables to a line structure. Workshop: Verse Speaking Exercises Choose a lengthy speech by any character in a Shakespeare play and read it aloud whilst walking around. Physically change direction every time you reach a comma, colon or full stop. This will force you to see that each clause in a sentence suggests a new thought or idea for your character.Repeat this exercise, but instead of changing direction, say the words â€Å"comma† and â€Å"full stop† out loud when you get to the punctuation. This exercise helps heighten your awareness of where there is punctuation in your speech and what its purpose is.Using the same text, take a pen and underline what you think are the natural stress words. If you spot an often repeated word, underline that as well. Then practice speaking the text with an emphasis on these key stress words.Using the same speech, speak it aloud forcing yourself to make a physical gesture on every single word. This gesture can be clearly connected to the word (for example a finger point on â€Å"him†) or c an be more abstract. This exercise helps you to value every word in the text, but again it will make you prioritize the correct stresses because you will naturally gesture more when saying keywords. Finally and above all, keep speaking the words aloud and enjoying the physical act of speech. This enjoyment is the key to all good verse speaking. Performance Tips Always use the punctuation in order to discover the natural places to pause or breathe when speaking verse. A common mistake is to always pause for breath at the end of a line. As Shakespeare often writes sentences that go across lines, this tendency to breath at the end of the line will distort the meaning and create an unnatural intonation.Be aware of the natural stress rhythms in the verse but don’t allow them to dominate your delivery of the line. Instead look at the line in its entirety and decide where your stress should go.Listen to the beautiful imagery and poetic elements of the verse and close your eyes when saying the words. Allow the imagery to form pictures in your mind. This will help you find meaning and substance in your lines. If you connect imaginatively with the language, you will naturally speak the words more effectively.Listen carefully to the colliding rhythms and sounds in Shakespeare’s verse. Often repeated words, harmonic sounds, and clashing s ounds help you to understand Shakespeare’s intentions and the motivations of your character. Obviously, use a dictionary if the context doesn’t present you with the meaning of a word you say. Not knowing the meaning of one of your words can be a problem. If you don’t know what it means, the chances are the audience won’t either!

Market assessment, planning and strategy of Apple Inc Essay

Market assessment, planning and strategy of Apple Inc - Essay Example The firm that is analyzed in the paper is Apple. It was co-founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in California in 1976 as a micro-computer manufacturer. The following year the company was incorporated and released one of the first commercially successful personal computers, the Apple II. In 1984, the company released the Macintosh, which changed the computing world with its revolutionary graphical user interface. Following the success of these two products in the market, Apple had its IPO in1984. In 2001, the company changed from being a personal computer manufacturer to a consumer electronics company. Today, the company designs, manufactures and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital music players, and sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital content and applications. Apple Inc. has a worldwide presence and sells its products globally through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. Between 1994 and 1997, the company experienced record-low stock prices and severe financial losses, a scenario that only begun to be corrected with the re-instatement of Steve Jobs as the CEO in July 1997. Currently, the company boasts of being the most valuable company in the world with one share valued at US$ 598.35, net sales in 2011 of US$ 108.6 billion and free cash flow of US$ 33.27 billion. As at September 2011, Apple has a workforce of 63,300 employees.... The company’s obsession with excellence means that it only participates in markets where it can have a significant contribution (Chaffin, 2009). For this reason, Apple Inc. believes in focusing on few projects at any given time. With this mission statement, Apple categorizes its customers into three segments: consumer, small and mid-sized businesses; education; and enterprise and government. The company believes in giving its customers a high quality buying experience, therefore, in its major markets Apple sells many of its products and third-party products directly to consumers and businesses through its retail and online stores. In other markets, the company invests in programs to enhance reseller sales by placing high quality Apple fixtures, merchandising materials and other resources within those locations (Apple, 2011). To better meet the needs of its global market, Apple’s business is divided geographically into the Americas (North and South America), Europe ( Europe, Middle East and Africa), Japan, Asia-Pacific (Australia and Asia) and Retail (Apple-owned retail sales globally). Examination of the Market Environment Cooperative environment With the introduction of services such as iTunes Store, iBookstore, App Store, Mac App Store and iCloud, Apple moved from being merely a product manufacturer and seller to providing a platform that supports different business ecosystems. For example, the iBookstore supports the eBook business that comprises of authors, publishers and customers. In fact, in 2009 Apple came up with a new type of pricing strategy in the eBooks industry that shifted pricing power from the retailers to the publisher. Under the iBookstore agency model,

Case discussion Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion - Case Study Example According to Susan, John had bypassed her and several other women in previous promotion exercises. As the Vice President, Kyle had the responsibility of ensuring that the stalemate was resolved amicably. Since the stalemate was a multi-faceted affair, there was a need to encourage dialogue to ensure that any decisions arrived at were amicable and acceptable among all persons involved. However, despite having the responsibility to ensure an amicable resolution of the dispute was obtained, it was also Kyle’s responsibility to ensure that employees respected authority. In this regard, it would be Kyle’s responsibility to insist that John’s instructions ought to have been followed since he had the power to make the decisions that he had already made. It would be appropriate if Kyle were to reverse John’s decisions because some employees were unhappy with them, and especially because any decision that would be made would affect Westco directly. The existing organizational culture at Westco could also have contributed to the stalemate. Westo had an ‘open door’ policy, and Kyle, being the Vice President, had promised to take employee concerns seriously. These two aspects contributed significantly to the employees’ notion that they were entitled to disagree openly with John’s decisions. On the other hand, the organizational structure indicated that in the seniority order, Adam was more senior in the company as compared to Oscar. Similarly, Bob and Susan were at the same level. John had complete discretion to promote any of these employees. This is because he had the responsibility to promote and protect the company’s interests. Additionally, the employees’ rankings were not too far apart as to cause any significant protocol problems. The best employee to promote would have been the employee who, in John’s opinion, was most suitable to perform the job regardless of any other considerations. As a result,

Production of one tonne of a bioproduct by fermentation process Essay

Production of one tonne of a bioproduct by fermentation process - Essay Example It is also found the apple cider vinegar is good agent is reducing the risk of cancer. It also fights diabetes, high cholesterol and heart problems. Vinegar is used massively is a number of products including foods, pickles, beverages, detergents and glass cleaners. The major use of the vinegar is in the foods and pickles. Vegetables and raw fruits are dipped into vinegar to preserve the vegetables and raw fruits. Chinese sauces are made up of vinegar and the more Chinese soups and foods enter the market, the use of vinegar will increase. United Kingdom imported vinegar of worth $30 million Canadian dollars in 2009, while the exports of the vinegar remained under $17 million Canadian dollars in 2009. This shows that vinegar has a great local market as well as foreign market. The increasing demand of the pickles round the world increased the demand of the vinegar. At this stage, white vinegar is utilized the most. It has the most application considering various types of the vinegar. The health benefits of the vinegar increased the market demand of the vinegar to a considerable level. The process that had been utilized to manufacture vinegar for many years is simple but it takes many days to complete. However, current industrial processes are considered to be a little complex but the time consumption for the completing of process dropped significantly. The very first process is to collect the fruit or crop. Industrial processes recommend that crops that are rich in sugars or derivatives. The fruits juices are extracted and processed by adding several enzymes and microorganisms. In case of crops, the crops are grounded, refined and mixed with adequate amount of water, then enzymes and added and then the product is fermented. The basic steps of the process include the refining, adding distilled water, fermentation stage 1, fermentation stage 2, fermentation stage 3, distillation, pasteurization and dilution to suite the exact taste. Fruits,

Balance Scorecard for Air India

Balance Scorecard for Air India Introduction Air India is the prime and oldest Airline of India. It is the State carrier which currently connects to rest of the world such as the Americas, Asia, Europe, etc. It is headquartered at Nariman Point, Mumbai in the Air India Building. It is the 16th largest Airline in Asia serves out of two major Domestic hubs in India at the Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi CST Terminal, Mumbai. The airline started its journey with the Maiden flight from Karachi Airport to Mumbai Airport via Ahmedabad in July 1932. It was founded by JRD Tata and later on acquired by the State. Air India has two subsidiaries and two affiliated carries. Together Air India, Air India Cargo, Air India Express, Indian and Air India Regional form the National Aviation Company of India Limited. It currently serves 11 countries across the globe apart from the various domestic destinations. Air India Cargo It serves as the cargo operator for the airline serving in conjunction with on ground truck-transportation systems and achieving synergies to increase returns. The carrier also is allowed to carry dangerous (hazardous cargo) animals under IATA rules. Air India Regional The airline previously known as alliance air serves the interior small airports domestically to serve the needs of such regions with smaller aircrafts. The hub for this is at the IGI airport in Delhi. Indian It focuses on the domestic touch points for the airline. It serves various destinations in the country with two major hubs at Delhi Mumbai. Air India Express The airline subsidiary was formed in 2005 to serve the low cost space in the South east Asia and the Gulf region. This is a no frills airline which focuses on the low cost travel mind space for its consumers. Tangible Assets Fleet and Material Resources Air India has continuously being trying to improve its Aircraft fleets. It has recently added 17 new aircrafts which include B777s- Long range aircrafts and it has also procured some 15 new airbus aircrafts to serve its domestic destinations. Currently the Air India fleet stands at a strong 136 aircrafts. Air India serves various international destinations such as in the USA which includes Newark, JFK Chicago with its non-stop Boeing Long range aircrafts. The detailed aircraft distribution is as given in the table below: Network Air India operates from various cities across India like Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Jaipur, Varanasi, Tiruchirapalli, Gaya and Thiruvananthapuram in totality 16 cities for its international location flights. The need of boarding flights from metros for international locations has thus ceased thus providing better opportunities to other cities to develop economically and aid in the countrys growth story. The various requirements in terms of customs, etc. are directly done in these cities. Air India also has code sharing agreements with various airlines across the world providing better accessibility to other locations. International Hub: Air India has established its international hub at Frankfurt for better transfers and code shares across the world. It has forged partnerships with Lufthansa and is currently vying for being a part of the Star Alliance. These alliances has strengthened AIs network in the US and Europe to a large extent. Indian Hub: Air India has its domestic hubs in Delhi IGI Airport and Mumbai CST Airport. The firm services 64 Indian cities domestically from these locations. Out of these locations seventeen service to International flights too thereby providing seamless connectivity. The domestic locations are service by Airbus A321 aircrafts with all world class services. Star Alliance Air India is currently in the process for vying to become a part of the International Alliance which will connect it to 916 cities in the world and have code share agreements with 17000 daily routes across the world. Air India club members can enjoy the benefits of International lounges, code shares, loyalty programmes, etc across all the 21 top airlines across the world increasing the service levels to a new height. The alliance is pending at March, 2011. Human Resources Air India has a large base of human resources which makes it one of the poorest in terms of the Human resources quality and performance. The airline pays around 17 per cent of its expenditures as salaries which is much higher than the global average of around 10 per cent. There are around 31000 employees which are serviced by around 14 unions in Air India which creates a huge scope of non-improvement of its current strength of employees. Post the merger the unions have introduced their intent of cooperating with NACIL towards achieving a better way ahead for the airline however issues pertaining to retrenchment and privatization are still serious concerns which the unions take very seriously and are averse to compromise on. The SBU structure which has been brought about in the organization further increases the woes of the Airline as well as the management. The organization has been split into smaller units which are responsible for better management of resources. However the reporting structure is a big catch. A Mumbai Airport Manager is reviewed by the ED of west zone but reports to his SBU head which is in no way related to his performance appraisals. The award of International postings is carried out by a third party who in no way is related to the current chain of reporting and is a commercial director who sits in the HO at Mumbai. Such an organizational structure calls for low performance and lack of accountability from the employees which will lead to non-performance from the organization in the long term. IT Technology resources IT is one of the most critical resources for the success of organizations in the modern times. The merger synergies would have IT as a critical input. One of the major exercises is to have a common airline code which would also help in the eligibility to the Star Alliance. As a measure the airline has contracted the IT serviceability to SITA (Society International Telecommunications Aeronautics) which has had more than 50 years of experience with the airline systems in Air India. The deal worth 845 crores is for a period of 10 years and is aimed at establishing network connectivity at all domestic and international locations for Air India, fare management, baggage tracing and reconciliation system, online booking engines, automated boarding control systems, check-in, air to ground communications, etc. SITA will also provide its horizontal passenger service system. Currently SITA provides its facilities to 140 airlines all over the world serving over 120 million passengers across the world to provide seamless connectivity to Air India to International routes and carriers. It would help to strengthen strategic partnerships for AI across the globe. Air India has also been invited to participate in the SITAs horizon board in India which is a partnership between SITA and airlines to develop the next generation passenger service systems across the globe. All these developments would help AI to establish itself as a brand in the PSS system delivery across the globe. SITA in India works with its strategic partners Mindtree NIIT to implement its technological systems and has a workforce of more than one lac employees. Low Cost Resources Livery The new livery which was launched after the merger has characteristics of both the descendants namely AI and IA both. The livery consists of the flying swan and the Konark chakra placed inside it. The Air India brand is mentioned on the tail of the Aircraft in hindi proudly depicting Indias national language. The aircraft colour is ivory with streaks of red retaining Air Indias colour. Also the red and orange streaks presence on doors signifies the merger of the two giants into one single entity. Maharajah Maharaja is the most reminiscent figure which is associated with the airline. It was designed by the duo of Bobby Kooka, AIs Commercial Director and Umesh Rao, J.Walter Thompson Ltd. Way back in 1946 primarily as a memo symbol; however it has translated into much more than that over the years. The maharajah has won various awards around the globe for its uniqueness and antics. The first word customers associate with AI is the puns and antics of the Maharajah. The maharajah is a unique brand proposition created by the Airline which has served it as a brand ambassador across the world. In- Flight Entertainment Air India has a variety of channels which cater to both the audio and video entertainment of its passengers. The customers have a variety of Indian channels such as popular music, ghazals, bhajans, etc. There is also a variety of English music channels having various genres like rock, pop, jazz, alternative rock , classical , etc. There are also a variety of regional channels available in Indian regional languages such as Malayalam, Tamil, etc. and also movies in similar languages are available for flights connecting the South Indian regions to the Gulf and South East Asia. On Ground Facilities Air India has its own exclusive lounges at Delhi, London, Hong Kong and New York in addition to the one in Mumbai. At other international airports, Air India has tie-ups with other international airlines or local Airports Authorities for lounge facility. There is a lounge for unaccompanied minors as well. Online Booking The quick, easy and convenient way to book AI tickets online through the Air India website. An e ticket will be generated and the details with the e ticket link will be emailed to the passenger. Air India has extensive facilities for Web check in and Tele check in for its passengers to provide ease of facilities. Dining Air India has a variety of menus to cater to a variety of tastes for its passengers. There is a choice of Indian, Continental, Western and Asian cuisines. There are certain special cuisines available on some routes like Japanese cuisine on the Tokyo route, etc. The special requirements of certain passengers also met with a variety of more than twenty six dishes available. There is a large assortment of wines and drinks to choose from giving the passenger a world class dining experience. Balance Scorecard at Air India The balanced scorecard is a holistic design of looking at an organization. It helps align the activities of the business to the vision, mission and the strategy of the organization. It helps improve communication, both internally and externally as well as measure the performance against said goals using proper metrics. Balanced Scorecard concept was started by Dr. Kaplan and David Norton as a means of measuring performances of organization. It was a measurement framework, which for the first time added non-financial metrics along with the traditional metrics that gave managers a better view of the performance of the organization. Over the years, balanced scorecards were refined to become a complete planning and management system for strategy. It helps operationalize vision and mission documents; progress on which can be monitored daily. The airline industry is cyclical in nature. Demand fluctuates seasonally; while planning for capacity and investments have to be done long term. This means that airlines usually go through sessions when they are operating in the red financially. Hence, it makes perfect sense to use a Balanced Scorecard to evaluate the performance of the organization. It gives a better indication of the health of the organization as well as helps create proper milestones for evaluating the progress towards strategic goals. Air India has been facing turbulent times recently. A lot of reorganization, restructuring with regards to the organization, finances and fleet have taken place. The company is deep in the red and there have been calls to divest this white elephant. As Air India struggles through this mess, using a balanced scorecard will give clarity to their goals and help them focus their efforts in achieving the said goals. Balanced scorecard has been implemented in several airlines, the most documented one being the Balanced scorecard implementation at Southwest Airlines. Southwest Airline is a USA based low-cost airline company and is also the worlds largest no-frills airline. It is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. Southwest has among the largest fleet of passenger aircraft among all of the worlds commercial airlines, operating more than 3200 flights daily. Southwest is also a very profitable airline, having posted profits for 37 consecutive years. The balanced scorecard implementation at Southwest airlines has gone through a series of iterations and they are currently in their 3rd generation. We suggest a similar balanced scorecard for Air India. For the balanced scorecard we must have: Vision Mission Core Goal Activities and Outcomes Vision statement is the picture of your company in the future. It forms the lynchpin around which strategy formation takes place. Mission statement is the fundamental purpose of the existence of the company. It clarifies Why do we exist? Core Goal is the goal that is to be achieved by the balanced scorecard. Activities refer to processes that take place inside the organization, that lead to desired outcomes. Activities consists of Internal Processes Learning and Development Outcomes consists of Financial Performance Customer Satisfaction Activities are internal to the organization, while the outcomes in terms of financial outcomes and customer outcomes are visible outside the organization. Also internal processes, Learning and Development are long-term goals while financial and customer outcomes are more short-term goals. However they act as leading indicators of the changes happening in internal processes and Learning and Development. These show that the activities that were internal to the organization has reached a point of maturity that they have started impacting the customer and financial outcomes. As shown in the balanced scorecard given below, activities and outcomes interact with other activities and outcomes and hence no item can be looked at in isolation. The interactions between the strategic goals in each of these four divisions (2 activities and 2 outcomes) have been identified and dwelled upon in the balanced scorecard. The internal processes which must be measured for the scorecard that we identified were: Faster Turnaround of flights Increased Utilization of fleet Adherence to Schedule These will help rationalize workforce, fleets and bring in incremental improvements in operational efficiencies, bringing down costs and making Air India more competitive vis-Ã  -vis low cost carriers. Adherence to Schedule will help Air India rebuild customer confidence in the ability of the Airline to perform. The Learning and Development initiatives that need to be taken up and measured are: Alignment of employees with company goals Cross Functional Training Team work Cross functional Training and teams will increase the efficiency of the organization allowing it to make decisions faster and hence respond more quickly to changes. This is very important for Air-India as the general perception is that the company is slow to change and lethargic in decision making. The financial outcomes from these activities are: Profitability Lower Costs Increased Revenue Fewer Planes The customer outcomes are: Lower Prices On-Time flights Frequent flights Friendly Service Given below is the pictorial depiction of the balanced scorecard for Air India. Resource Based Turnaround Strategy for Air India This part of the report deals with understanding the reasons for the near collapse of Air India and proposing a turnaround strategy for the airline. Since its establishment by the Tata Group and the subsequent takeover by the Indian Government, Air India has seen a lot of issues emerging and changes in the competitive environment in which it operates. These issues and changes have been intensified by uncertain economic conditions, various crises and subsequent recoveries in the European and Asian economies, and a general lack of confidence in professional fields. This has led to a general reduction in the average time available to the organization which seeks to affect a successful turnaround. Also, the rising competition in the field it operates has compounded the problems by making Air India fight for limited resources with players which quite often have people with greater conviction at the top and therefore can allocate a greater part of important resources to the firms operation s. This challenge is primarily faced by organizations which operate in industries that have high technology orientation and companies which typically have high gestation periods where an investment made in any particular area or domain impacts the companys bottom line for a long period. Airlines business being one that is fairly high technology is characterized by factors that include product and/or process sophistication, research and development (RD) intensity, and a large population of technical employees. High-tech firms often encounter rapid changes in technology, demand, and a competition which is overlaid by sharp and unpredictable change. Thus, the AI management must be equipped for change management in line with the changes in the airlines industry environment. Unless this happens it will continue to struggle to remain profitable. This is precisely what has been encountered in the case of Air India. Within this high-velocity context, any turnaround strategy is faced with unique challenges. These have been depicted in the figure below. Business Decline The framework that the group uses in analysing the reasons for Air Indias failure and proposing the turnaround takes a new view of turnarounds by integrating constructs drawn from existing turnaround literature with others from the resource-based view of the firm. It proposes that efficient business operations are based on a combination of factors like key resource availability, germane strategy, and appropriate implementation of that strategy through adequate resource leveraging. In this case the financial and human resource would be the resources AI must look to leverage. Important resources within an enterprise can also act as the base for a turnaround strategy which would foster sustainable competitive advantage. Such resources are often the products of historical strategy and environmental action and are invariably capable to withstand rigorous tests of quality. A list of the key attributes of these resources is provided below: (Refer High-Velocity Environment Trims Time to Act Creating a Framework for High-Tech Turnarounds by Rolph N.S. Balgobin, Naresh Pandit; Nov 1, 2002) Turnaround Strategy Turnaround attempts are often the result of existence-threatening decline, there exists a lot of uncertainty with the origin of the points of change intervention and the role of the new top management. Frequently, a turnaround attempt is initiated after pressure from a significant stakeholder, such as a parent company or strong shareholder group. Air India has witnessed this quite a few times as with the ascent of every new government at the center of Power in New Delhi, the attitude towards the airline has changed. Hence pressure often came from the private players whose bids to take over the airline provided the fillip to the management of the airline to change the scheme of things at Air India. In most cases, the need for the change happens internally, usually started by the management who sees the signals of an impending decline. Also in new age high-technology firms, turnaround need not always be a management driven effort. However, the attitude of managers is just as necessary as having new leadership in getting the turnaround efforts going. The success of turnaround recovery plans are different from the unsuccessful ones in many ways (refer to the points mentioned below). In the cases of turnarounds that are successful, analysis-led understanding of the dynamics of the business is done using a diagnostic review. This provides a clear indication of the turnaround opportunities that are available. These opportunities have to be pursued with the goal of creating a sustainable competitive position in the market. Successful turnaround Plan characteristics Result from a diagnostic review (inductive rather than prescriptive) Profitability is explicitly set as an objective A single turnaround plan rather than competing initiatives or no plan at all Communication with stakeholders to ensure alignment A turnaround team develops and implements the plan Causes of decline are appropriately addressed The Process of Turnaround The frameworks used to portray turnaround are often depicted as a sequential process, which starts with the management initiating the attempt, then retrenchment, consolidating and then returning to a growth stage. But in high tech turnaround process there are four distinct stages crisis development, management change, transformation and stabilization, and return to growth. In the case of Air India, the Crisis Development phase started in the year 2008-2009 when the airline reported financial losses of 5000 crores. Due to this, the airline couldnt pay the salaries of its employees leading to a massive announced by the employees in the summer of 2009. This was one of the biggest human resource crises in the history of Indian business with nearly 30000 Air India employees going on strike. Immediately following this, the disastrous incident of the crash of Air India Express Flight 812 leading to the death of 158 people, happened. The change phase, unlike in the more traditional sectors, change happens not at the top as turnaround starts happening. There is often a change of problematic management, mostly purporting the point of view that a CEOs knowledge and relationships are crucial to a successful recovery. The same happened in the case of Air India. The entire top management of Air India was recast in a period of 30 days by the then aviation minister Mr. Praful Patel. As part of the shakeup, several old time directors were asked to leave and a Professional Chief Operating Officer was appointed under the CMD, Mr. Arvind Jadhav. In the third phase, a lot of actions happen simultaneously; these include cost rationalization, asset rationalization, revenue creation and product and market reorganization. In turnarounds that are successful, organizations should be careful not to lose resources that may be useful to recovery. This happens when they concentrate on surviving rather than on competitive leadership. Reflex cutbacks should not result in loss of key resources in firms successful in turning around their organizations. Instead, the focus should be on reducing costs. Also Air India disinvested some of the less efficient parts of its operations, while retaining the more important and useful ones. After an early emphasis on cost reduction, the focus of Air India then shifted to Structural alterations, joint-venture participation, investment, and the introduction of new products. There is a significant deviation in the experience of firms operations in more stable industries, which suggests that it is the high-competitive environment that demand that the changes occur simultaneously rather than sequentially. But as the transformation takes place, the turnaround of the firm goes through an inflection point that causes a shift in focus from cost and asset reduction to growth of the firm. In the case of Air India this has been characterized by the commitment of the top management to the growth of top line and sales and a conscious effort on the part of the airline to drive up volumes and occupancies of the airlines. The airline plans to reduce its price up to 23% by the end of this year. Industry experts see this as a clear sign of conscious effort on the part of the airline to drive up its volumes and occupancy rates. The last phase of the turnaround is punctuated by the assumption that for survival the focus has to be on growth and acquisition. In high competitive industries, this phase does not usually require that the CEO change or that the management change. Our group expects the same to happen by the end of the nest fiscal year when the economy would have recovered and new opportunities would arrive at the horizon for the troubled airline. Influencing Factors Literature study says that significant differences exist between successful and not so successful cases when they are compared in terms of their contextual and situational factors of turnaround attempts. Factors related to macroeconomic improvement and market growth appear to be assisting turnaround attempts. Though, it also has been seen that these environmental changes are not deterministic. With each organization being a unique collection of resources, external events do not seem to be having a uniform impact. Thus, a rising tide seems to lift only the seaworthy boats. External influencing factors include: Macroeconomic Improvement Market Growth Stakeholders attitude. Interaction of an organization with stakeholders such buyers, employees, suppliers, unions, bankers, the government and the community play a major role in determining the success of the turnaround efforts. When important stakeholders hold an active interest in the business viability of the firm, the chances of success appear to be greater. Internal Influencing factors include: Mission institutionalization Availability of financial resources Power concentration, and Perception of the permanence and controllability of decline. Mission institutionalization, primarily driven by the internal and external expectations of the businesses the firm should be in, can be a major abettor or inhibitor of positive change demanded by an intended turnaround. In cases where the changes required put the firm in a new strategic domain (say that of the low cost carriers), mission institutionalization can often hinder efforts of a swift shift in strategy if a firms constituents instinctively negate or refute out courses of action that are seen to be inconsistent with the vision and mission of the firm or its founders. This in Air Indias case can be explained by the reluctance of the airlines part to move into low cost carriers strategic domain. While this remains a possible strategic domain for the future, the airline showed remarkable reluctance in adopting this as a possible strategy. Maybe the Maharaja cant fly cheap after all. Available financial resources are one of the important requirements for a turnaround attempt, especially if the firm has considerable cash demands. Even then, availability of funds has still not been found to be one of the deciding factors in the outcome of a full-fledged turnaround effort. This is a significant finding as it often is suggested that firms in stress require only a steady input of cash until their products or services regain market acceptance. Also in the case of Air India with the airline being heavily government funded, the opportunity to save money and possible publicize it makes a great political success story and a PR opportunity. Of greater impact on the success of a turnaround attempt is the concentration of power within the organization. Firms with higher levels of power concentration are a lot freer to strategize, develop and also implement successful turnaround plans, while the cases that fail are often constrained or reined in by parent companies, powerful stakeholders like political parties, or internal politics. In non-turnaround cases, the management appears to have far less power relative to that owned by the stakeholders. In the case of Air India, with the creation of a new position of power of CEO, can potentially dilute the power vested in the top management. Yet considerations of operational efficiencies far outweigh the concern for power dilution. Similarly, with the entire airline industry showing signs of recovery with the economy firmly on the path of recovery, the perception of the permanence and controllability of decline is that of impermanent and one that can be managed by suitable strategy implementation. Strategy Implementation Successful firms reduce their resource base in those areas which are no longer core activities. Failed firms are more far likely to dispose or sell off on otherwise lose valuable resources than those that might support a recovery attempt. In the successful cases, the remaining resources are often realigned and augmented with the resources which are borrowed through joint ventures, development agreements, or outright acquisitions. This is depicted in the diagram as shown below. Resource Leveraging diagram As a rule, the successful turnaround cases concentrate a majority of their critical resources on a single and consistent turnaround plan, emphasize on a few improvement areas at a time, and focus on a few critical performance levers. They have a strong feedback mechanism to instill new learning deep into the organization. In the case of Air India it would be taking the voice of customers very seriously and trying to create a culture which cares for the people the firm serves. Firms which go through very successful turnarounds are also in a position to blend and balance resources to bring in products and services into the market, while unsuccessful firms often have seem to have an imbalance of skills, which neutralizes capabilities that exist elsewhere in the organization. Finally, parsimonious and frugal resource use and the useful ability to implement turnaround plans quickly also form one of the chief characteristics of successful recoveries. Thus, this is the comprehensive resource based turnaround strategy that we propose for Air India.